| M00 | Program stop | Stops the machine until the operator restarts |
| M01 | Optional stop | Stops machine if optional stop switch is ON |
| M02 | End of program | Ends the program normally without rewind |
| M03 | Spindle on clockwise | Turns spindle on in clockwise direction |
| M04 | Spindle on counterclockwise | Turns spindle on in counterclockwise direction |
| M05 | Spindle stop | Stops the spindle |
| M06 | Tool change | Initiates automatic tool change |
| M07 | Coolant on (mist) | Turns on mist coolant |
| M08 | Coolant on (flood) | Turns on flood coolant |
| M09 | Coolant off | Turns off all coolant |
| M10 | Chuck clamp | Clamps the chuck (used in lathes) |
| M11 | Chuck unclamp | Releases the chuck |
| M12 | Tool clamp | Clamps the tool in the spindle |
| M13 | Spindle on CW and coolant on | Starts spindle clockwise and coolant on |
| M14 | Spindle on CCW and coolant on | Starts spindle counterclockwise and coolant on |
| M15 | Tailstock advance | Moves tailstock forward (turning) |
| M16 | Tailstock retract | Moves tailstock back |
| M19 | Spindle orientation | Orients spindle to a fixed position |
| M20 | Manual pulse generator enable | Enables MPG handwheel |
| M21 | Manual pulse generator disable | Disables MPG handwheel |
| M30 | End of program with rewind | Ends program and rewinds to start |
| M41 | Low gear (feed range) | Sets machine to low feed gear (lathe) |
| M42 | High gear (feed range) | Sets machine to high feed gear (lathe) |
| M43 | Mid gear (feed range) | Sets machine to mid feed gear (lathe) |
| M44 | Gear shift up | Shifts gear up |
| M45 | Gear shift down | Shifts gear down |
| M48 | Feed override enable | Enables feedrate override |
| M49 | Feed override cancel | Disables feedrate override |
| M60 | Automatic pallet change | Starts pallet change cycle |
| M98 | Call subprogram | Calls a subprogram (e.g., O1234) |
| M99 | Return from subprogram | Returns to main program after subprogram |