| G00 | Rapid positioning | Moves the tool quickly between positions without cutting |
| G01 | Linear interpolation | Straight-line cutting movement |
| G02 | Circular interpolation (CW) | Circular movement in clockwise direction |
| G03 | Circular interpolation (CCW) | Circular movement in counterclockwise direction |
| G04 | Dwell | Pauses for a specified time (P = time) |
| G05 | High-precision contour control | Used for fine contouring and high-accuracy profiles |
| G09 | Exact stop | Stops exactly at the end of block before next move |
| G10 | Programmable data input | Used to input offsets or settings via program |
| G17 | Select XY plane | Used in milling – selects XY plane |
| G18 | Select ZX plane | Used in turning – selects ZX plane |
| G19 | Select YZ plane | Used in milling – selects YZ plane |
| G20 | Programming in inches | Sets units to inches |
| G21 | Programming in millimeters | Sets units to millimeters |
| G28 | Return to machine zero | Moves tool to machine home position |
| G30 | Return to secondary home position | Goes to second home position if configured |
| G31 | Skip function | Used in probing – skips when signal is triggered |
| G32 | Thread cutting (manual) | Manual threading in turning |
| G33 | Thread cutting cycle | Automatic threading cycle |
| G40 | Cancel cutter compensation | Turns off G41/G42 cutter radius compensation |
| G41 | Cutter compensation left | Tool compensates to the left of programmed path |
| G42 | Cutter compensation right | Tool compensates to the right of programmed path |
| G43 | Tool length compensation (positive) | Positive tool length offset using H register |
| G44 | Tool length compensation (negative) | Negative tool length offset |
| G49 | Cancel tool length compensation | Cancels tool length offset |
| G50 | Cancel CSS / Set spindle speed limit | Cancels constant surface speed mode (turning) |
| G52 | Local coordinate system shift | Temporary shift in coordinate system |
| G53 | Machine coordinate positioning | Move using machine’s fixed coordinate system |
| G54–G59 | Work coordinate systems | Used for setting different part zero positions |
| G61 | Exact stop mode | Stops precisely at end point of each block |
| G64 | Default cutting mode | Continuous cutting mode (default for smooth tool motion) |
| G70 | Finishing cycle | Final finishing cut (turning) |
| G71 | Rough turning cycle | Removes large amounts of material (turning) |
| G72 | Finishing cycle | Final pass over profile (turning) |
| G73 | High-speed peck drilling | Fast peck drilling (milling) |
| G74 | Face grooving / Left tapping | Peck face grooving (turning) |
| G75 | Peck grooving cycle (backward) | Groove cycle in reverse direction (turning) |
| G76 | Fine threading cycle | Automatic multi-pass threading |
| G80 | Cancel canned cycle | Cancels G81–G89 cycles |
| G81 | Drilling cycle | Simple drilling operation |
| G82 | Drilling with dwell | Drill and pause at bottom of hole |
| G83 | Peck drilling cycle | Used for deep holes – drills, backs off, continues |
| G84 | Right-hand tapping | Tapping cycle for right-hand threads |
| G85 | Boring cycle | Basic boring cycle without dwell or peck |
| G86–G89 | Advanced boring/tapping cycles | Boring with stop, retract, or dwell features |
| G90 | Absolute programming | All coordinates are from fixed reference (zero point) |
| G91 | Incremental programming | Coordinates based on previous point (relative) |
| G92 | Position register / Thread limit | Set current position to a specific value / Threading limit (lathe) |
| G94 | Feed per minute | Feedrate is in mm/min or inch/min |
| G95 | Feed per revolution | Feedrate is in mm/rev or inch/rev |
| G96 | Constant surface speed (CSS) | Adjusts spindle speed to maintain surface speed |
| G97 | Cancel CSS (use RPM) | Sets spindle to fixed RPM |
| G98 | Return to initial point in cycle | After canned cycle, returns to start position |
| G99 | Return to R-point in cycle | After canned cycle, returns to R level |